Since protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks can be measured directly, they potentially provide a road map to function that avoids the complexities of relating sequence and structure to function. However, one thing is Fcertain: a protein’s function is intimately tied to its set of interaction partners. Confusing matters further, minor changes in sequence can result in significant changes to function 6, 7, and similar structure does not always imply similar function 8. While much effort is devoted to prediction of protein function by mapping sequence and structure to function, not all proteins have analogs to ones with known function, and the sequence-function relationship is far from 1-to-1: there can be functional similarity in the absence of sequence similarity 1, 2, 3, and conversely identical sequences can possess multiple, completely different functions 3, 4, 5. While our results provide only a “proof of concept” on existing network data, we hypothesize that predicting GO terms from topology-only network alignments will become increasingly practical as the volume and quality of PPI network data increase. Our best predictions have an AUPR of about 0.4, which is competitive with state-of-the-art algorithms, even when there is no observable sequence similarity and no known homology relationship. The resulting network alignment frequency (NAF) strongly correlates with GO-based Resnik semantic similarity and enables the first successful cross-species predictions of GO terms based on topology-only network alignments. Here we show that the weak signal can be detected using multiple stochastic samples of “good” topological network alignments, which allows us to observe regions of the two networks that are robustly aligned across multiple samples. We argue that this failure of topology alone is due to the sparsity and incompleteness of the PPI network data of almost all species, which provides the network topology with a small signal-to-noise ratio that is effectively swamped when sequence information is added to the mix. Unfortunately, no network alignment algorithm based on topology alone has been able to achieve this aim, though those that include sequence similarity have seen some success. The topological alignment of two protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks should thus expose protein pairs with similar interaction partners allowing, for example, the prediction of common Gene Ontology (GO) terms. Original binding, damaged.Topological network alignment aims to align two networks node-wise in order to maximize the observed common connection (edge) topology between them. See: Gavra, Encyclopedia of Yemenite Scholars, p. He was known for his artistic talent, and books which he transcribed are known for their beauty as well as for their clarity and precision. He authored several works and transcribed many others. He moved to Israel in 1950 and settled in Jerusalem. In 1946 he was appointed dean of the new Jewish school in Sana'a, together with Chief Rabbi Amram Korach. Shalom ben Yichye Korach (1873-1953), was a scholar and educator, and the scribe of the community of Sana'a.

'Seder HaAshmurot' has a separate title page, which contains the name of the writer, place and year: 'Written in Sana'a for… Yichye… ben Suleiman ben Yosef Badichi… by me, the young Shalom ben Yichye ben Chaim ben Yosef Korach… Friday 27th Elul 1941'. The manuscript includes: Seder Sefirat HaOmer (in Aramaic, as is the custom of Yemenite Jews), prayers for Rosh Chodesh, blessing over the new moon, blessings over the Chanukah lamp, 'for Purim', Psalms for each day of the week, Song of Songs, Shabbat prayers, Shabbat eve Kiddush, Havdalah for the end of Shabbat with piyyutim, and Ashmurot. Colorful illustrations in a number of places: architectural title pages with floral and vegetal decorations, illustrations of birds, rosettes and other illustrations. Neat Yemenite script, with decorated titles and initials and decorations at the ends of passages, in shades of red, green and brown. Sana'a, 1941.Ĭolorful manuscript, artistically illuminated. Manuscript siddur containing prayers and piyyutim (liturgical poems) for various times.

Sana a manuscript pdf